Category Archives: US Army

Pour some Old Crow out for Bud

America’s last living “triple ace,” BGEN Clarence Emil “Bud” Anderson, was laid to rest this week at Arlington, having passed at age 102.

He was interred in section 38, joining his beloved wife of nearly 70 years, Eleanor Cosby, who was buried in 2015.

A horse-mounted honor guard draws the casket of retired Air Force Col. Clarence “Bud” Anderson during his interment at Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington, Va., March 30, 2026. Anderson, a World War II fighter pilot, died May 17, 2024, at the age of 102. (Eric Dietrich, Air Force)

If you have ever seen a classic American war bird with an “Old Crow” nose art, an ode to the cheapest whisky of the time, it is a salute to Bud who used the moniker on his first aircraft at age 22, P-39Q, tail number 42-20746, then kept using it on three different P-51Bs during his first WWII combat tour with the 357th FG at Leiston Airfield, England, and famously on P-51D 44-14450, Code B6-S, on his second tour. Finally, on F-105D 60-5375 as Wing Commander of the 355th TFW stationed at Takli Air Base in Thailand during Vietnam.

He flew 116 individual combat missions that resulted in 16 downed German aircraft and one shared combat victory between March and December 1944, earning him triple ace status.

As a fighter pilot, test pilot, and combat and operational commander, Anderson logged over 7,500 flight hours and flew more than 130 types of aircraft. His many decorations include five Distinguished Flying Crosses, two Legions of Merit, 16 Air Medals, and the French Legion of Honor and Croix de Guerre.

Appropriately, Bud’s services this week saw a double flyover: first by four F-35s, followed by four World War II-era P-51 Mustangs, two of which bore Old Crow livery.

TOW MUTT

Taking you back 40 years ago today.

How about this Cold War moment frozen in time, when the M151 1/4-ton 4×4 utility truck, or MUTT, reigned supreme in the days before the adoption of the Hummer.

24 March 1986. Official period caption: “A member of Company A, 1st Battalion, 38th Infantry, 2nd Infantry Division, drives an M151 light utility vehicle across a bridge during the joint U.S. and South Korean Exercise Team Spirit ’86. The M151 is equipped with a tube-launched, optically tracked, wire-guided (TOW) anti-tank missile launcher.”

Scene Camera Operator: Sgt Jimmie T. Dugans Jr., Agency-Assigned Identifier: DASC8705427. National Archives Identifier: 6411295

You just have to love the carefully applied face camo, how bright the M81 woodland camo BDUs are, as well as the new-issued K-pot Kevlar helmet with skrim camo, and the old-school M16A1 in the backseat. Oh yeah, and the unbuckled web gear. A man has to have some creature comforts between evolutions.

Out of all the above, only the TOW survives, where it no doubt still sees service with the 2nd ID, which is still in Korea.

Army Marks 100 Years of Unbroken Guard at Tomb of the Unknowns

Army Maj. Gen. Fox Conner ordered an armed military guard for the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier on 24 March 1926, and it has been maintained with honor ever since.

The Tomb, located at Arlington National Cemetery, was dedicated on Armistice Day (now Veterans Day) in 1921, but was at first unguarded. Responding to concerns that the site was not receiving the proper respect from tourists, Conner, then the Deputy Chief of Staff of the Army, ordered a guard drawn from the 3rd Cavalry Regiment at nearby Fort Myer (now Joint Base Myer-Henderson Hall). The original day guard was extended to a round-the-clock watch in 1937.

Since then, the “Old Guard” of the U.S. 3rd Infantry Regiment has performed the Tomb Sentinel duty, and the original Great War-era Tomb has been joined by an Unknown Soldier from WWII in 1946 and a Korean War Unknown in 1958.

Today, a single M14-armed volunteer Sentinel stands guard over the Tomb at any given moment, with two reliefs rotating on a 24-hour shift. The Sentinels are changed every hour (on the hour) in winter months (October through March), and every half hour during the warmer months from April through September.

U.S. Soldiers with the 3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard) perform the changing of the guard at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington, Virginia, March 18, 2026
U.S. Soldiers with the 3rd U.S. Infantry Regiment (The Old Guard) perform the changing of the guard at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington, Virginia, March 18, 2026. (Photo: Laura Buchta/U.S. Army)

In an ode to the 21-gun salute to the Unknowns, as described by Arlington National Cemetery, “The Tomb Guard marches exactly 21 steps down the black mat behind the Tomb, turns, faces east for 21 seconds, turns and faces north for 21 seconds, then takes 21 steps down the mat and repeats the process.”

The two relief Sentinels, along with two (E-5) Assistant Relief Commanders and a sidearm-carrying (E-6) Relief Commander, are on duty in their quarters under the Memorial Room of the Tomb’s Amphitheater. The pistol is loaded with a 21-round magazine.

Since 2018, the Relief Commanders have carried specially made ceremonial SIG Sauer P320 M17 9mm pistols that carry a high-polish DLC coating and are filled with details honoring their task– while still being functional. They replaced a set of Beretta-made M9s, which were used by the guard since 1988, walking on over 11,000 consecutive days.

Each of the current four pistols bears a name — Silence, Respect, Dignity, or Perseverance— which is featured on the dust cover. The wood grip panels come from the decking of the old cruiser USS Olympia, which brought the Great War Unknown from France in 1921. The removable optics plate is engraved with a copy of the Greek Figures featured on the east panel of the Tomb, representing Peace, Victory, and Valor, repeated on the magazine floor plates. The front sight contains a vial of marble dust collected from the Tomb of the Vietnam Unknown in 1998 when he was disinterred for identification. The cocking serrations on the slide are engraved “XXI” in an ode to the 21-gun salute. Further, they all use a serial number which includes “02JUL37”, the date the guard went 24-hours.

SIG Sauer M17 P320 Tomb pistol
The four serial numbers are: LS02JUL37A21 (Silence), LS02JUL37B21 (Respect), LS02JUL37C21 (Dignity), and LS02JUL37D21 (Perseverance).
SIG Sauer M17 P320 Tomb pistol
Silence. (Graphic by Staff Sgt. Oscar Toscano/U.S. Army.) 
SIG Sauer M17 P320 Tomb pistol
Dignity. (Graphic by Staff Sgt. Oscar Toscano/U.S. Army.) 
SIG Sauer M17 P320 Tomb pistol
Perseverance. (Graphic by Staff Sgt. Oscar Toscano/U.S. Army.) 
SIG Sauer M17 P320 Tomb pistol
Respect also contains a discreet internal engraving honoring MSG Jared Van Aalst, a Delta Force operator killed in action in 2009, and subsequently laid to rest at Arlington. (Graphic by Staff Sgt. Oscar Toscano/U.S. Army.) 
SIG Sauer M17 P320 Tomb pistol
The slides of the four Ceremonial M17s use a rear “XXI” cocking serration. (Photo: Staff Sgt. Oscar Toscano/U.S. Army.) 
SIG Sauer M17 P320 Tomb pistol
The optics plate is engraved with three Greek figures. As noted by the Army, “Peace holding a dove, Victory holding a palm branch, and Valor holding a sword. Victory stands between peace and valor to reward the devotion and sacrifice that went with courage to make the cause of righteousness triumphant.” (Photos: Staff Sgt. Oscar Toscano/U.S. Army.) 
SIG Sauer M17 P320 Tomb pistol
The grips feature the crest of the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier Identification Badge on one side and the 4th Battalion, 3rd Infantry Regiment crest on the other. Note the engraved magazine base pads. (Photos: Staff Sgt. Oscar Toscano/U.S. Army.) 
SIG Sauer M17 P320 Tomb pistol
SIG has a fifth mock-up Tomb pistol in its museum in New Hampshire. (Photo: Chris Eger/Guns.com)

Spring 2026 Armor Magazine available online (free download)

The Spring 2026 issue of Armor magazine is now available for download. You can access your copy at the following link: https://www.dvidshub.net/publication/562/armor-magazine

In this issue, we are excited to include a “What Would You Do?” article. We present a tactical vignette from our editorial staff and invite you to write in and share how you would execute the mission. We look forward to reading your responses!

Hard copies will be available during the Sullivan Cup.  If you are in the Fort Benning area during Armor Week, be sure to pick up the latest issue.

Standing Departments

Chief of Armor’s Hatch: ATP 3-20.96, Cavalry Squadron, is Changing the Fight by BG Chad C. Chalfont

This article announces the upcoming publication of the new Army Techniques Publication (ATP) 3-20.96, Cavalry Squadron, and explains the significant evolution in U.S. Army cavalry doctrine. It details the shift from a doctrine focused on the cavalry’s functions to one centered on its purpose for the force it supports.

From the Gunner’s Seat: Forging the Future of Armor Leadership – Modernizing NCO PME by CSM Ryan W. Roush

This article announces a fundamental overhaul of the training and education for U.S. Army Armor non-commissioned officers (NCOs). The new approach aims to create more lethal and adaptive leaders by delivering shorter, more focused, and specialized Professional Military Education (PME).

From the Boresight Line: From Proficiency to Lethality – The Framework for Continuous Improvement in Armored Crews by SFC Chas D. Ward and SFC Kenneth L. Shelton

This article argues that to prevent stagnation in proficient armored crews, leaders must shift from training for qualification to training for combat by using advanced simulations, focusing after-action reviews on combat-relevant metrics, and implementing complex challenges. For new crews, the focus should be on providing stability and sufficient time to master foundational skills, ultimately creating a cycle of continuous improvement for the entire unit.

From the Combat Training Centers: Data Overload – Observations on Data and Mission Command From JMRC by LTC Jordan Bradford, MAJ Edwin den Harder, and COL CJ Kirkpatrick

This article discusses the paradox of “data overload” in modern military operations, where the sheer volume of information from numerous digital systems overwhelms commanders and staffs, impeding timely and effective decision-making. It analyzes the causes observed at the Joint Multinational Readiness Center (JMRC) and proposes concrete best practices for managing this data deluge.

From the Doctrine Corner: Winning the First Fight – Modernizing Armor and Cavalry Doctrine by MCOE Directorate of Collective Training and Doctrine (DCTD)

This article outlines the U.S. Army’s comprehensive effort to modernize its doctrine, focusing on providing practical tactics for currently available equipment. Key updates include reframing the cavalry squadron’s purpose, integrating sUAS and electronic warfare, and overhauling gunnery manuals to enhance lethality, all while soliciting feedback from soldiers to ensure relevance.

What Would You Do?

This article presents a tactical scenario from ARMOR magazine’s “What Would You Do?” column, challenging readers to devise a plan for an armor company to seize a chokepoint from a modern, drone-capable enemy. The task requires a 500-750 word response detailing an operational concept that integrates combined arms, electronic warfare, and unmanned systems.

Book Reviews: Brothers in Arms, One Legendary Tank Regiment’s Bloody War From D-Day to VE-Day, reviewed by RETIRED COL Chris R. Willis

Features

Data-Enabled Assessments: What Factors Correlate with Gunnery Excellence in ABCTs? by LTC Brian W. Bilfulco

This article uses statistical analysis to identify the key factors influencing the gunnery performance of tank and Bradley crews, moving beyond anecdotal evidence to provide data-driven insights for leaders. The study finds that individual crewmember attributes, prior experience, and unit-level support systems are significant predictors of success, allowing for more targeted and effective training.

Learning the Wrong Lessons: The Influence of Tanks in the Spanish Civil War on the U.S. Army by Maj Micheal Hanson

This article argues that the U.S. Army drew the wrong conclusions about tank employment from the Spanish Civil War, stunting its armored doctrine by favoring an infantry-support role. In contrast, the German Army correctly identified the need for powerful, massed tank formations, leaving the U.S. unprepared for the blitzkrieg tactics of World War II.

Creative Maintenance Solutions in a Fiscally Constrained Environment by MAJ Jordan L. Woodburn, 1LT Trevor N. Stanley, and 1LT James A. Puls

This article details how the 1-64 Armor Regiment used innovative, cost-effective maintenance solutions during a deployment, such as 3D printing replacement parts and leveraging the fabrication skills of allied forces. These methods allowed the unit to rapidly correct dead-lining faults, improve vehicle readiness, and save money in a fiscally constrained environment.

From Contact to Overmatch: Redefining Armor Fundamentals Through Transformation in Contact by COL Bryan Bonnema, MAJ Aram Hatfield, and MAJ David Strum

This article explains how the U.S. Army’s Armor branch is adapting its fundamental tactics to the modern battlefield of ubiquitous drones and sensors by introducing a new operational framework called Isolation–Exploitation–Regeneration (IER). The IER model prioritizes using unmanned systems for initial engagement, followed by a decisive strike with traditional armored forces, and a rapid reset for subsequent operations.

Steel Meets Sustainment; Key Takeaways from the 12-Day War by CPT Ben Kusinski

This article, written from the perspective of an Armor Officer, details the critical strategic and logistical lessons learned during a fictional 12-Day War in 2025. It emphasizes how sustainment operations are paramount to success in modern, large-scale combat operations against peer adversaries.

The Army’s New Maintenance Skills Test Program in the ABCT by CPT Gabriel Liranzo

This article advocates for the implementation of the Maintenance Skills Test (MST) program to standardize maintenance training at the operator level within Armor units, arguing that lessons from the Russo-Ukraine conflict and current manning challenges necessitate more self-sufficient crews. The author stresses that company commanders must prioritize the MST to foster a culture of ownership and enhance fleet readiness for large-scale combat operations.

Ukrainian Combat Employment of the Bradley Fighting Vehicle by 1LT Jack Lynch

This article argues that the Ukrainian Armed Forces’ tactical innovations with the Bradley Fighting Vehicle (BFV), which often diverge from U.S. doctrine by emphasizing decentralized, autonomous operations, offer valuable lessons for the U.S. Army. By examining how Ukraine uses the BFV for mobile fire support and ambushes, the author highlights the need for U.S. doctrine to prioritize adaptability and empower small-unit leaders.

A Rapidly Changing Operational Environment: Cavalry Scouts Need to Be Painfully Light and Disproportionately Lethal by SSG Matthew Watson

This article argues that the modern battlefield, characterized by pervasive drone surveillance and rapid sensor-to-shooter links, demands a radical reinvention of Cavalry Scout tactics. The author, a Staff Sergeant, contends that scout sections must become “painfully light” through extreme signature management and dispersion, while also being “disproportionately lethal” by integrating organic loitering munitions and networked fires to survive and remain effective.

What $122.22 Bought the Taxpayer in 1941

Some 85 years ago today.

The cost to outfit a U.S. Army Infantry Soldier, including a new Springfield Armory-minted M1 Garand, via The Morgantown Post (Morgantown, West Virginia) dated 12 March 1941, as the “Great Neutral” was aggressively ramping up for possible war.

Adjusted for inflation, the cost for everything shown/described would be $2,819.31 in today’s cash.

Note that the Garand is shown, only adopted four years prior, and the GI correctly has an M1917 Kelly “tin pan” helmet, as the new $3.03 ($1.05 for the steel shell, $1.98 for the liner) M1 steel pot wouldn’t be standardized until 30 April 1941, some six weeks after this graphic was published.

Nap Buddies

Happy National Napping Day!

GIs of the 69th Infantry Division take a well-deserved rest in a bed in Germany, March 1945. Judging from their boots, uniforms (heavy on the coveralls), and prevalence of M3 Grease Guns, they are likely tankers, perhaps of the 69th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop (Mechanized) or the division’s two attached armored units: the 777th Tank Bn or 661st Tank Destroyer Bn.

L-R: Gerald A. Garrson, Donald Meyers, Stuart Brent, Bill McGough, and Alva Goodwin. Time LIFE Archives photo

The “Fighting 69th” was formed on 15 May 1943 at Camp Shelby and arrived in the ETO late in the war. It hit the front in February 1945 and spent 86 days in combat. Nonetheless, on its tear across the Rhineland and Central Europe, the division suffered 1,506 battle casualties. Notably, the Holocaust Museum denotes it as a Liberator Division, having liberated Leipzig-Thekla, a subcamp of Buchenwald, in April 1945.

After several months of occupation duty, they were sent back to the States and were deactivated in September 1945.

A great 100-page period pictorial history of the 69th is free to download online.

Oh, JPMRC 26-02, you look frozen

You have to admit, since reforming as the 11th Airborne, the Army Alaska has really upped its game when it comes to getting the word out about what it does and how they train to fight and win in the frozen region just north of Hoth.

Check out these images and videos of U.S. Army Soldiers assigned to 1st Battalion, 5th Infantry Regiment, 1st Infantry Brigade Combat Team (Air Assault), 11th Airborne Division engaging a simulated opposing force during Joint Pacific Multi-National Readiness Center 26-02 on the Yukon Training Area, Alaska, Feb. 22, 2026.

“The 11th Airborne Division is setting the standard for Arctic readiness, demonstrating the skills and capabilities needed to succeed in this challenging environment.”

Photos by Spc Brandon Vasquez, video by Sgt. Christopher Nicely, 982nd (Airborne) Combat Camera Company.

Steel Rain

“Steel Rain” by Frank M. Thomas depicts the 1st Battalion, 158th Field Artillery (MLRS), Oklahoma Army National Guard, as they send their 227mm M26 rockets into targets in Iraq on the first day of Desert Storm in February 1991, some 35 years ago this month.

National Guard Heritage Painting by Frank M. Thomas, courtesy the National Guard Bureau

With each M26 carrying a massive load of 644 DPICM M77 submunitions, and each M270 vehicle carrying a dozen rockets, the system was so deadly that the Iraqi soldiers called it “steel rain.”

More than 62,000 Army National Guard soldiers were mobilized for Desert Shield, and of these, nearly 39,000 deployed to Southwest Asia. Six ANG field artillery battalions, including 1-158 FA, supported the Desert Storm advance into Iraq.

The battalion, which stood up on 26 February 1920, is still based in Oklahoma as part of the 45th Field Artillery Brigade, although it replaced its MLRS with HIMARS.

They earned eight campaign streamers for WWII from Sicily to Central Europe, four for Korea, one for Desert Storm, and two for GWOT. In addition, the battalion is authorized the French Croix de Guerre with Palm, the ROK Presidential Unit Citation, and an Army Presidential Unit Citation, the latter for Salerno.

The battalion’s Battery B also recently earned the Alexander Hamilton Award for being the best field artillery battery in the National Guard, beating 140 other batteries.

Desert Emils: 7./JG 26’s 109Es and the shifting sands of Africa

The 7th Staffel of Adolf Galland’s famed Jagdgeschwader 26 (JG 26) “Schlageter,” fresh off the Lowlands and France campaigns and the drawn-out aerial combat against the RAF Fighter Command during the Battle of Britain, was sent south to warm the skins of their Messerschmitts along the assorted shores of the Mediterranean some 85 years ago this month.

This left Oberleutnant Joachim “Jochen” Müncheberg (at the time with 23 confirmed aerial victories), with his unit on a well-earned skiing vacation in the Austrian Alps, suddenly ordered off the slopes and rushed to Sicily with his pilots and ground crews (sans planes) to assist in the attempted reduction of stubborn Malta.

The squadron never got another vacation.

Arriving at Gela on 9 February, they received their factory-new Bf 109 “Emil” E-7/Ns, and by the 12th, Müncheberg tallied his 24th victory, a RAF No. 261 Squadron Hurricane flown by Flt. Lt. James MacLachlan (who bailed out, wounded), over Malta.

Messerschmitt Bf 109E4 7.JG26 White 1 Joachim Muncheberg transit flight Sicily, Feb 1941

Messerschmitt Bf 109E3 7.JG26 White 4 line up Gela Sicily March 1941-01

Messerschmitt Bf 109E7 7.JG26 White 7

Messerschmitt Bf 109E7 7.JG26 White 9 Gela Sicily 1941

Messerschmitt Bf 109E7B 7.JG26 Gela Sicily April 1941

Messerschmitt Bf 109E7B 7.JG26 White 12 Joachim Muncheberg WNr 3826 Gela Sicily 1941

Messerschmitt Bf 109E7B 7.JG26 White 1 Munchenberg Gela Sicily Feb 1941

7./JG 26 would continue its rampage across the theater, relocating to Grottaglie airfield near Taranto for the Yugoslav/Greece campaign in April, shifting to airfields in Greece (Molaoi) for the Crete campaign in May, then to join Fliegerführer Afrika where they operated from Libya (Ain el Gazala) until, with only a couple of planes left, were recalled to France in late August 1941, where they received newer Bf 109 F-4s.

Messerschmitt Bf 109E7B 7.JG26 Gela Sicily

Messerschmitt Bf 109E7B 7.JG26 Gela Sicily 1941

Messerschmitt Bf 109E4 7.JG26 White 3 Ernst Laube Gela Sicily May 1941

Messerschmitt Bf 109E7 7.JG26 armorers 1941

Messerschmitt Bf 109E7N 7.JG26 White 11 Theo Lindemann WNr 4139-Gazala 21st Aug 1941. Note the flare cartridges around his legs. 

By the time they did, Müncheberg’s tally had grown to 49 while 7./JG 26 claimed 52 enemy aircraft during their time in the Med without a single pilot lost to the Allies.

While 7/JG 26 never saw the sands of North Africa again, Müncheberg would return there as a Major in command of JG 77 in October 1942– by which time he had over 100 “kills” after Eastern Front service.

In the desert, he met his fate at the hands of Capt. Theodore Reilly Sweetland, USAAF, who reportedly rammed his flaming British-made 2nd FS/52nd FG Spitfire into the German uber-ace’s Bf 109 G-6 during a dogfight over Meknassy, French Tunisia, on 23 March 1943.

The Pomeranian-born Müncheberg, aged 24, is buried at the German cemetery at Bordj-Cedria, Tunisia, and was credited with 135 victories, while the Oakland-born Sweetland was just three months shy of his own 24th birthday. The American is still listed MIA, memorialized at Tablets of the Missing North Africa American Cemetery Carthage, and earned a posthumous Silver Star among other decorations.

In a bit of dark irony, RAF Squadron Leader James Archibald Findlay MacLachlan DSO, DFC & Two Bars, who had lost his arm to Müncheberg over Malta in February 1941, would perish in Pont-l’Évêque, German-occupied France, also aged 24, on 31 July 1943, just three months after Müncheberg and Sweetland’s mid-air inferno. “One-Armed Mac” at the time had 16 claimed victories, a triple ace, and had been shot down over France while piloting his American-made ADFU Mustang, then passed 13 days later at a German field hospital in Normandy.

Snow and paracord, by the Northern Lights

Breathtaking.

U.S. Army paratroopers assigned to the 2nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team (Airborne), 11th Airborne “Arctic Angels” Division, executed a low-light tactical airborne insertion as the opposing force during Joint Pacific Multinational Readiness Center 26-02 on Husky Drop Zone at Yukon Training Area, Alaska, Feb. 11, 2026.

These paratroopers descended into the frozen terrain to replicate a thinking, adaptive threat, forcing rotational training units to fight for every movement across Alaska’s unforgiving battlefield while reinforcing the division’s focus on Arctic lethality and expeditionary readiness.

Photo by Spc. Brandon Vasquez

Photo by Spc. Brandon Vasquez

Photo by Spc. Brandon Vasquez

Photo by Spc. Brandon Vasquez

« Older Entries