Category Archives: military history

Evan Wright, Gone

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Embedded with fast-moving but lightly armored Marine 1st Reconnaissance Battalion’s Bravo Company during the invasion of Iraq in 2003–typically in the lead Humvee– was a 30-year-old Rolling Stone reporter who would pen a series of articles on the experience titled “The Killer Elite” which, in 2004, received the National Magazine Award for Reporting, the top prize in magazine writing.

He then spun that up into the book and later HBO series, Generation Kill, which probably best captured the very pear-shaped pre-Fallujah American experience in Iraq during the Second Gulf War.

Of course, Wright had already been to Afghanistan, would go back to Iraq in 2007, and profile figures as diverse as Quentin Tarantino and Shakira then picked up a second National Magazine Award for his Vanity Fair profile titled “Pat Dollard’s War on Hollywood.” He also worked on Homeland and The Man in High Castle.

Hey, what is a guy with a degree in medieval history from Vassar to do, right?

Wright died by suicide on July 12, 2024, at the age of 59. 

Check-in with your friends, guys. Some are hurting and don’t know it.

Canadian Mosquitos in Full Color

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How about this great original Kodachrome of Type G class torpedo boats of the 29th Canadian Motor Torpedo Boat Flotilla. The lead boat, MTB-460, was lost to a German mine off the coast of Normandy on 2 July 1944, some 80 years ago this month, with a loss of 10 officers and men.

Library & Archives Canada MIKAN No. 4950981

As well as two more taken at the same time:

MIKAN 4821111

MIKAN 4821109

Displacing some 44 tons, these 71.75-foot MTBs had a beam of just 20 feet and could operate in anything over 6 feet of water at a combat load. Capable of 39 knots on a trio of Rolls-Royce V-12s running on 100 octane avgas, they carried a single 6-pounder forward, a twin 20mm AAA DP gun aft, and a pair of forward-firing 18-inch torpedo tubes. Complement was 3 officers and 14 men, about the same as the standard American 80-foot Elco PT boat which had a heavier armament. They were constructed by the British Power Boat Company at their Hythe, Southampton boat yard and originally designed as motor gun boats (MGBs) but modified to carry torpedoes.

The RCN fielded two squadrons of MTBs during the last two years of WWII, the aforementioned 29th Flotilla which exclusively used BPB-made G-Type MTBs (No. 459, 460, 461, 462, 463, 464, 465, 466, 485, 486, and 491) and the 65th, which used earlier Fairmile D types (Nos. 726, 727, 735, 736, 743, 744, 745, 746, 748, and 797).

As detailed by the Royal Canadian Navy:

Motor torpedo boats (MTBs) were small warships about 22 metres long and six metres wide. Equipped with powerful engines, torpedoes, light naval guns, and machine guns, the Canadian MTBs operated chiefly at night in the English Channel as fast attack boats that disrupted enemy shipping off the coast of occupied Europe and defended Allied shipping from the German’s own fast attack boats and midget submarines. The MTBs also played an important role on D-Day when they helped protect the huge Allied fleet from German warships.

The MTB crews had an extremely dangerous job – their boats were small, the seas of the English Channel were rough, and German guns and mines were never far away.

The worst day in the history of the 29th MTB came on 14 February 1945 when five boats of its remaining eight boats were destroyed in a conflagration in Oostende which left 26 of its members dead.

Mighty Miss

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80 Years Ago Today: New Mexico-class super dreadnaught by Great War standards (or slow battleship by WWII standards) USS Mississippi (BB-41), underway in Puget Sound, Washington, July 13th, 1944, at 3 knots. She is painted in Camouflage Measure 32, Design 6D.

Official U.S. Navy Photograph, from the collections of the Naval History and Heritage Command. Catalog #: NH 104835

As noted in past posts, Mississippi would be one of the longest-serving American battlewagons, serving as a test platform for seagoing guided missiles until 1956, truly bridging the Great War-Second World War-Cold War-era perhaps better than any other ship in the fleet.

The Sting of Crossing the Line

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How about this great series of shots taken on the Essex-class fleet carrier USS Wasp (CV-18) as her crew passed the equator some 80 years ago today, 11 July 1944. All of these are official U.S. Navy photographs, via the Library of Congress (Lot-2263).

“Court’s in Order. The court of Neptunus Rex, Ruler of the Raging Main, convenes on the deck of the aircraft carrier as the ship nears the equator. While the court prepared to go into action to convert ‘pollywogs’ (men who have never crossed the line) into “shellbacks”, other members of the crew keep a sharp look-out for the enemy. Neptunus counts among his royal officers such followers as Davy Jones, a Chief Executioner, High Chief Justice, Royal Torturer, and a Royal Embalmer.”

“It looks as if the crewman is emerging as a ‘shellback’ after a rollicking initiation at the hands of the followers of Neptunus Rex. Even in wartime, with an adequate guard posted, Neptunus Rex occasionally finds time to hold his traditional court for the crossing of the equatorial line.”

“Those Clippers Full. Judging from the look of anguish on the face of the man in the stock, the clippers running up and down his scalp are none too gentle. For that matter, the man performing the operation looks as if he’s had going over himself. It was all part of the traditional crossing of the line initiation held by the court of Neptunus Rex.” Note the SBD dive bomber in the background. 

Her war diary for July 1944 actually notes her position on the 11th as being around 13 degrees North Latitude– about 700nm from the equator while steaming off Guam. With no air operations, her diary only lists her as refueling three escorting destroyers that day. She had just recovered from a raid on the Bonin Islands (30 June to 4 July) and was in a lull during air operations against the Japanese-held Marianas that would continue until the end of the month.

So why celebrate on 11 July? Well, it may have been because, on the day prior, her skipper, Capt. Clifton Albert Frederick “Ziggy” Sprague (USNA 1918), had just been frocked a rear admiral and a new admiral can do just about anything he wants.

Laid down at Fore River in Massachusetts, our subject carrier was commissioned on 24 November 1943. Originally named Oriskany, she entered service as the 9th USS Wasp after the 8th, CV-7, was sunk by Japanese submarine I-19 in September 1942.

Of course, this Wasp would prove much luckier than her immediate predecessor and, besides earning eight battle stars for her World War II service, held the line in the Mediterranean and North Atlantic during Korea, then, transforming to an ASW carrier (CVS), played a prominent role in the manned space program, serving as the recovery ship for five Project Gemini missions.

USS Wasp (CVS-18) In formation with destroyers and aircraft of Anti-submarine Task Group Bravo, in the Mediterranean Sea, 19 August 1961. All escorts are Gearing class DDEs. Planes overhead include ten S2F and two AD-5Ws. Two HSS-1 helicopters are flying just above the ships. Official U.S. Navy Photograph.
Catalog #: USN 1057640

She was retired in 1972, and sold for scrap in 1973.

While several of her Essex class sisters (Intrepid, Lexington, Yorktown) were retained as museums, you can’t save them all.

Warship Wednesday, July 10, 2024: Priceless Cargo

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Here at LSOZI, we take off every Wednesday for a look at the old steam/diesel navies of the 1833-1954 period and will profile a different ship each week. These ships have a life, a tale all their own, which sometimes takes them to the strangest places.- Christopher Eger

If you enjoy my always ad-free Warship Wednesday content, you can support it by buying me a cup of joe at https://buymeacoffee.com/lsozi

Warship Wednesday, July 10, 2024: Priceless Cargo

U.S. Navy photograph, 80-G-276964, now in the collections of the National Archives.

Above we see the Bouge-class escort carrier USS Copahee (CVE-12) underway outbound from Garapan anchorage off Saipan on 8 July 1944, some 80 years ago this month, bound for San Diego where she would arrive on the 28th. Her deck cargo is interesting, and on closer look:

Show a load of captured Japanese planes– some never before seen in the West– to be used for intelligence and training purposes. This invaluable cache would prove a boon to Allied intelligence and some of these aircraft remain as a legacy of the war in the Pacific today.

It was all in a day’s work for Copahee, who reliably shipped aircraft around the theater by the thousands during her un-sung career.

About the Bogues

With both Great Britain and the U.S. running desperately short of flattops in the first half of World War II, and large, fast fleet carriers taking a while to crank out, a subspecies of light and “escort” carriers, the first created from the hulls of cruisers, the second from the hulls of merchant freighters, were produced in large numbers to put a few aircraft over every convoy and beach in the Atlantic and Pacific.

Of the more than 122 escort carriers produced in the U.S. for use by her and her Allies, some 45 were of the Bogue class. Based on the Maritime Commission’s Type C3-S-A1 cargo ship hull, these were built in short order at Seattle-Tacoma Shipbuilding Corporation, Ingalls Shipbuilding in Pascagoula, and by the Western Pipe and Steel Company of San Francisco.

Some 496 feet overall with a 439-foot flight deck, these 16,200-ton ships could only steam at a pokey 16 ish knots sustained speed, which negated their use in fleet operations but allowed them to more than keep up with convoys of troop ships and war supplies. Capable of limited self-defense with four twin Bofors and up to 35 20mm Oerlikons for AAA as well as a pair of 5-inch guns for defense against small boats, they could carry as many as 28 operational aircraft in composite air wings. They were equipped with two elevators, Mk 4 arresting gear, and a hydraulic catapult.

Most of the Bogue class (34 of 45) went right over to the Royal Navy via Lend-Lease, where they were known as the Ameer, Attacker, Ruler, or Smiter class in turn, depending on their arrangement. However, the U.S. Navy did keep 11 of the class for themselves (USS Bogue, Card, Copahee, Core, Nassau, Altamaha, Barnes, Breton, Croatan, Prince William, and our very own Block Island), all entering service between September 1942 and June 1943.

Meet Copahee

Our subject was the only warship named for the small sound of the South Carolina coast, by the naming convention for the rest of her class. Launched 21 October 1941 by Todd-Pacific Shipyards, Tacoma, as a C3-S-A1 cargo ship SS Steel Architect under a Maritime Commission contract, she was acquired by the Navy almost two months to the day after Pearl Harbor– 8 February 1942– and commissioned as an Aircraft Escort Vessel, AVG-12 just two weeks after the Battle of Midway on 15 June 1942.

USS Copahee (ACV-12) underway off Port Angeles, Washington, on 30 August 1942. 80-G-11503.

Her war diary notes that she was the first American escort carrier commissioned on the West Coast. It also notes that her original cargo ship nameplate, Steel Architect, was still on her bow at the time.

Her hull number designation was changed to ACV-12 as an Auxiliary Aircraft Carrier on 20 August 1942 and to CVE-12, an escort carrier, on 15 July 1943, but this was all academic as she was already deployed for both of these changes.

War!

Once she joined the fleet, Copahee was placed under the direct command of ComAirPac, which she would serve until May 1944 when she transferred to ComCarTransRonPac.

USS Copahee (ACV-12) off Puget Sound Navy Yard on 17 August 1942. Note the barrage balloons aloft in the background. NH 55384

USS Copahee (ACV-12) Mess Attendants manning a 20mm machine gun, in a gun tub beside the flight deck, 9 September 1942. The carrier was then en route from Alameda, California, to the southwest Pacific. 80-G-71586

Sailing with TG 2.16, her first cruise was to Noumea in September 1942 with a load of 59 carrier aircraft. She then, escorted by TG 63.8 including three destroyers and the cruiser USS Helena, carried 20 desperately-needed F4F Wildcats of MAG 14 (VMF-121) to within launching distance of Guadalcanal on 9 October, where they flew off to Henderson Field.

This group was led by Major Joseph “Joe” J. Foss, who, flying his Wildcat from Henderson, shot down his first Japanese A6M Zero just four days later. Within a month, he had accounted for 23 “kills” over Guadalcanal with the “Cactus Air Force.”

Commander of VMF-121, Maj. Joe Foss (fourth from left resting his chin on his fist) stands with some of his pilots next to their F4F Wildcat fighters on Henderson Field.

Sent back to the rear without any aircraft, Copahee would be on hand for carrier aviator quals off the Coast of California and Hawaii for the rest of 1942, then in January 1943 would get back into the business of shuttling aircraft (as many as 80 at a time between deck cargo and hangar), aircrews, ordnance, engines, and equipment from the West Coast to the front lines, alternating with carrier landing qualifications/refreshers whenever she came back home.

A U.S. Marine Corps Vought F4U-1 Corsair of Marine Fighting Squadron 213 (VMF-213) Hell Hawks is warming up for a fight from the flight deck of the escort carrier USS Copahee (ACV-12), on 29 March 1943. Date 29 March 1943. National Museum of Naval Aviation photo No. 1996.253.7154.022

USS Copahee (ACV-12) Off the Mare Island Navy Yard, 9 May 1943. Note the deck load of SBD and PV-1 planes. She would also carry the PV-1s of VB-144 to NAS Kaneohe, Hawaii. Upon arrival, the squadron began an intensive period of combat training and operational patrols over the ocean near the Hawaiian Islands before shifting to Tarawa. Copahee would also later carry PV-1-equipped VPB-148 from NAS Moffett Field, California to Hawaii in May 1945. 19-N-46207

USS Copahee (ACV-12) Off the Mare Island Navy Yard, 9 May 1943. Stern view. 19-N-46208

Same as the above, 19-N-46204

Starboard, same location and date as the above. 19-N-46205

USS Copahee passing under the Golden Gate Bridge on her way out to sea on 15 July 1943. Mare Island photo # 5188-43.

Unloading SBDs to barge from USS Copahee (CVE 12) at Midway Island, May 21, 1943. 80-G-88086

Changing colors on USS Copahee (CVE 12) upon arriving at Townsville, Australia, September 25, 1943. 80-G-88137

An Army P-40 after being unloaded from USS Copahee (CVE 12) at Townsville, Australia, before being taken to the Air Depot, September 27, 1943. 80-G-88121

Brisbane, Australia, 11 March 1944. Army P-38 (Lightning) on the flight deck of USS Copahee (CVE-12). The carrier departed San Francisco, California, on 22 February and remained in Brisbane until 13 March.

She also brought back things from her travels.

Copahee in the summer of 1943 shipped a captured A6M3 Model 32 Zero-Sen (Hamp/Hap) (MSN 3030, Q-102), late of the 582nd Kokutai, which had been inherited by U.S. Army troops at Buna in December 1942, back to the states.

An abandoned Mitsubishi A6M3 Model 32 Zero fighter. It was flown by Lieutenant Junior Grade Kazuo Tsunoda stationed at Buna base, New Guinea. The plane made a crash landing after being damaged by a USAAF Bell P-39 Airacobra on 26 August 1942. This aircraft, with V-187 and V-190, were captured and Buna and used by Allied forces. U.S. Navy National Museum of Naval Aviation photo No. 1996.488.159.030

9 April 1944, Copahee in her new camo scheme at San Diego, from her War History

Across the first half of June 1944, she would serve as a replacement carrier for Task Force 58, conducting operations off Saipan until the 16th– directly supporting the mission up close and in real-time. In this, she shuttled 124 carrier aircraft to fleet carriers.

It was at Saipan’s Aslito airfield that American troops captured a motherlode of aircraft and assets left behind by the Japanese Imperial Navy. These would include over a dozen late-model A6M Zekes of the 261st Kokutai and a scratch-and-dent Kate.

Aslito Airfield, June-July 1944. Japanese Mitsubishi A6M “Zero” on Saipan at Aslito airfield. 80-G-307726

Recognizing the importance of this cache, the Navy’s Technical Air Intelligence Unit – Pacific Ocean Areas (TAIU-POA) wanted it all and soon the Navy’s go-to transport carrier was inbound from Eniwetok, arriving off Charan Kanoa, Saipan on the morning of 7 July then leaving the next day bound for San Diego.

This mix included at least 13 Zeke variants including several that would later be made flyable: A6M2 (MSN 5352), A6M5 (MSN 5356), A6M5 (MSN 5350), A6M5 Model 52 (MSN 4340), A6M5 Model 52 (MSN 1303), A6M5 (MSN 2193, 61-608), A6M5 (MSN 4361,61-131) and A6M5 Model 52 Zero (MSN 5357, 61-120). The cargo also included the first Nakajima B5N2 (Kate) Type 97 Carrier Attack Bomber (MSN 2194, tail-code KEB-306), a specimen of the 931st Kaigun, along with an assortment of spare parts that included 37 engines and “2,000 cubic feet of Japanese general aviation gear.”

4320 on USS Copahee belowdecks

The aircraft soon made their way into ONI publications and were widely exhibited across the country.

“ONI Know Your Enemy” Zeke 61-131 from Copahee

“ONI Know Your Enemy” Kate from Copahee

Zeke 4340 TAIC 7 1946 Victory parade, Wright Field

After unloading her cargo and receiving a short yard period to address repairs, Copahee was back at it, leaving Alameda on 4 September 1944 with a load of new aircraft headed to Hawaii.

In late October 1944, she carried several carrier aircraft late of the CVG-81 from USS Hancock, including the entirety of VA-174– equipped with SB2C-3 Helldivers — from Hawaii to Guam where USS Wasp would embark them for the Philippine campaign. In March 1945, Copahee would again carry VA-174 and CVG-81 elements, this time for transit back to the States.

Besides her ferry work, she conducted over 3,000 carrier qualification launches during her six periods tasked as a West Coast training carrier during the war, sadly resulting in two pilot fatalities. At least 710 aviators logged landings on Copahee.

From commissioning through VJ Day, Copahee steamed 249,638 miles (keep in mind this was usually at 12-14 knots), transporting an amazing 2,232 aircraft and 13,719 passengers. She was underway some 67 percent of her career.

Take a look at the variety in the 657 aircraft that she carried just in the first six months of 1945:

She also carried an immense amount of avgas and ordnance to forward areas. For instance, 769,000 gallons were delivered to Hawaii in 1944 alone.

Early model Mark XIII torpedo after bodies on USS Copahee CVE-12 Oct 29, 1943. She delivered no less than 147 torpedoes to forward areas from the West Coast

Ordnance delivered is staggering from one little 16,000-ton jeep carrier:

Another interesting facet of her War History is the evolution of her armament:

At the end of the war found Copahee at Hunters Point undergoing yard repairs. She then spent the rest of the war on “Magic Carpet” duty, returning homeward-bound servicemen from Saipan, Guam, Eniwetok, and the Philippines to the west coast.

She began deactivation at Alameda on 21 December 1945 and was decommissioned and placed in reserve with Tacoma’s mothball fleet on 5 July 1946.

Copahee received one battle star for World War II service, for the capture and occupation of Saipan in June 1944.

On 1 March 1959, while laid up, she was redesignated an Escort Helicopter Aircraft Carrier, and her hull number changed on paper to CVHE 12. Stricken sometime after, she was sold for scrap in 1961.

Of the rest of the Bogue class, USS Block Island (CVE-21) along with British-operated sister HMS Nabob (D 77) were lost to German U-boats during the war. Likewise, the same could be said for sistership HMS Thane (D 48) would be so crippled by U-1172 in 1945 that she was not returned to service.

As for the class’s post-war service, they were too small and slow to be utilized as much more than aircraft transports, and most of the British-operated vessels were returned to the U.S. Navy, retrograded back to merchantmen, and sold off as freighters.

Of the ten U.S.-operated Bogues, most were sold for scrap or for further mercantile use sans flattop and guns, with Card, converted to an aviation transport (AKV-40, later T-AKV-40) in the 1950s, remaining in service into Vietnam where she was embarrassingly holed by Viet Cong sappers in Saigon. The last of the class in American service, she was scrapped in 1971.

The final Bogue hull, the former Smiter-class escort carrier HMS Khedive (D62), continued operating as the tramp freighter SS Daphne as late as 1976 before she met her end in the hands of Spanish breakers.

Epilogue

Few relics remain of Copahee. Her War History and diaries are in the National Archives.

Her bell is supposedly on loan by the NHHC to a school in California, although some say it may have since gotten out into private hands and has been spotted as a yard ornament.

Photo via Navsource

The U.S. Navy has yet to reissue her name.

Her 16 war dead, lost to accidents in high-tempo operations, are remembered on a plaque installed at the National Museum of the Pacific War.

Meanwhile, at least one of the A6M5 Model 52s (MSN 4340, 61-131) she brought back to the West Coast in July 1944 is preserved in the Smithsonian’s collection.

Mitsubishi A6M5 Reisen (Zero Fighter) Model 52 ZEKE (A19600335000) at the Smithsonian Institution National Air and Space Museum. Photo taken by Eric Long. Photo taken on December 29. 2016. (A19600335000.3T8A4453) (A19600335000-NASM2018-10400)

A second A6M5, (MSN 5357, 61-120) remained in flyable condition as N46770 until very recently and appeared in several scenes of 2001’s Pearl Harbor. She is in the collection of the Planes of Fame Air Museum, Chino.

The others have been lost to history.

Joe Foss made it off of Guadalcanal, received the Medal of Honor from FDR personally, and later became a brigadier general in the Air National Guard after the war. Turning to politics, he became the 20th Governor of South Dakota in 1955 and passed in 2003, aged 87.

Ships are more than steel
and wood
And heart of burning coal,
For those who sail upon
them know
That some ships have a
soul.

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Morphing from PTs to PTFs (and a visit with PTF-26)

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The Navy went big on Motor Torpedo Boat (PT) models in World War II, producing an amazing 690 PT boats between 7 December 1941, and 1 October 1945— and that’s not counting the early PT-1 through PT-9 prototype boats, the 10 Elco 70s (PT-10-19), 48 early Elco 77s (PT-20 through 68), two prototype 72-foot Huckins boats (PT-69 and 70), and 69 reverse Lend-Lease 70 foot Vospers.

PT 76, a 78-foot Higgins-made boat in Womens Bay, Kodiak Island, Alaska circa 1943. NARA

The thing is, while these mosquito boats covered themselves in glory during their very up-close and personal war in the Med, Pacific, and English Channel, they very rarely got in solid torpedo attacks on enemy vessels. Their best employment came as fast scouts, lifeguard boats for downed aviators, running agents and commandos in the bad guy’s littoral, and in (typically nighttime) surface gun actions against enemy barges and coastal craft.

With that, the Navy got (almost) entirely out of the PT boat biz after 1945, torching or otherwise disposing of hundreds of boats overseas in the PTO and ETO and only keeping a few around for auxiliary purposes.

Then in the 1960s, with the Navy involved in littoral operations in Vietnam and not having anything smaller than 164-foot Asheville-class gunboats and leftover WWII 180-foot PCE-842-class patrol craft that needed 10 feet of water under their hulls to operate, the call went out for Fast Patrol Craft (PTF) which were basically nothing but PT boats sans their torpedoes.

At first the last remaining 1940s PT-boats were simply converted: the 89-foot Bath-built aluminum hulled PT-810 was pulled out of mothballs on 21 December 1962 and reclassified as PTF-1 while the Trumpy-built aluminum hulled 94-foot PT-811 became PTF-2 on the same date.

These were soon augmented by 14 Norwegian-built 80-foot Nasty boats (PTF-3 through PTF-16) ordered between 1962 and 1965.

Bow shot of Norwegian built, (left) and a U.S.-built PTF boat running at high speed together during trials off Virginia Capes, Early May 1963. “First Action Photographs of U.S. Navy PTFs. The U.S. Navy recently placed into service four patrol torpedo boats. The four boats, PTF-1 through PTF-4, are the only PT Boats in active service with the Navy. Assigned to Commander, Amphibious Force, U.S. Atlantic Fleet, the four boats are based at Little Creek, Virginia, and are used in amphibious support and coastal operations, and with the Navy’s SEAL (Sea-Air-Land) teams. SEAL Teams are units specifically trained to conduct unconventional and paramilitary operations and to train personnel of allied nations in these techniques. PTF-1 and PTF-2 are reactivated U.S. Navy PT Boats with torpedo tubes removed, their armament consists of 20-millimeter and 40-millimeter guns for surface and anti-aircraft action. The top speed is more than 45 knots. PTF-3 and PTF-4 were purchased from Norway to fulfill an immediate requirement by the Navy.” Photograph released May 13, 1963. 330-PSA-101-63 (USN 711287)

Following the success of these new mosquito boats in the coastal waters of Southeast Asia, the Navy ordered six Trumpy-built Nasty boats (PTF-17 through PTF-22), which were delivered by 1970.

Then came an updated design, the four-strong (PTF-23 through PTF-26) 95-foot aluminum hulled Osprey class, built by Sewart Seacraft of Berwick, Louisiana.

PTF-23 class fast patrol boat Under construction at Stewart Seacraft, Inc., Berwick, Louisiana, 24 October 1967. Note engines on the floor at right and PCF in the right background. NH 95839

Entering service in 1968, PTF-26 spent three years in Vietnamese water with her sisters then was retrograded to the West Coast where she was assigned to Coastal River Squadron One at Coronado, then later used as a range control boat at the Pacific Missile Test Center. Finally retired from the Navy in 1990, she then spent most of the next 30 years as a school ship first for the Boys & Girls Clubs of San Francisco and then for the non-profit as T/V Liberty.

More recently acquired by the Maritime Pastoral Training Foundation Ltd, PTF-26 has returned to its camouflage livery and is on her way to becoming an inland waterways training boat located in Golconda, Illinois where she will be offered to cadets from 164 different NJROTC and Sea Scout units across the Midwest.

The last of this line of more than 800 PT boats and follow-on PTFs, PTF-26, recently appeared in Mobile opposite Austal and I was able to grab a few snapshots of her.

The deck gun is fake, btw. Chris Eger photo

Chris Eger photo

Note her stern still has the T/V Liberty name. Also, that is the PCU USS Pierre (LCS-38) fitting out across the river at Austal, the last of the Independence-class littoral combat ships. Kind of a nice bookend with the last Indy LCS and last PTF in the same frame. Chris Eger photo

“Each weekend, 12-15 cadets or scouts will do more than take a tour of a U.S. Navy PT boat,” said Rev. Kempton Baldridge, MPTF’s managing director and a retired Navy chaplain, in a January interview. “They will eat, sleep, and train aboard as crew trainees. With a USCG licensed captain in command, PTF-26 will get underway with cadets or scouts as crew, guided by adult officers of their own unit. In port, cadets will learn everything there is to know about PTF-26. When ‘visit ship’ is held on Saturdays and Sundays for members of the public, qualified uniformed cadets and scouts of the crew will conduct tours, just as on board Navy and Coast Guard vessels.”

Fair winds and good luck, Two-Six Boat, there aren’t that many mosquitos left.

Never more beautiful

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Some 90 years ago today, we see the brand spanking new New Orleans-class heavy cruiser USS Astoria (CA-34) entering Honolulu harbor during her shakedown cruise, on 9 July 1934.

Photographed by Tai Sing Loo. Donated by the U.S. Army Military History Institute, Carlisle Barracks, Pa. U.S. Naval History and Heritage Command Photograph. Catalog #: NH 91726

Laid down as a light cruiser on 1 September 1930 at the Puget Sound Navy Yard by 28 April 1934 she was commissioned and brought into service as a heavy cruiser complete with a trio of triple 8″/55 Mark 9 mounts, the fine ship seen above was the second to carry the name of the Oregon city.

She had a happy pre-war life and went on to earn three battle stars during World War II, sadly sent to the bottom after a lop-sided artillery duel off Savo Island in August 1942.

Hits sustained by Astoria at the Battle of Savo Island off Guadalcanal on August 9, 1942

Mandatory Fun, 1944 Kodiak Island edition

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Coming off of the long Independence Day weekend (I hope you got four days of downtime, my friends!) I thought this view of how the “Eight Ballers” of the 8th Special Naval Construction (Seabee) Battalion kicked back on their July 4th celebration 80 years ago while stationed at Women’s Bay on Kodiak Island in the Alaska Territory.

From the 8th Special’s 201-page WWII cruise book:

For the record, the “Special” designation for the 8th SNCB comes from the fact that they were formed in April 1943 largely from professional East Coast longshoremen whose expertise in rapidly loading and unloading cargo was desperately needed. 

They deployed to Alaska– after a modicum (14 days) of military training under Marine Corps DIs followed by a three-week A school to make sure they were all on the same page– first to Kodiak (“Island X”) in August 1943 and then to Attu (“Island Y”) where their specialized skillset was put to hard use in extreme conditions. Smaller dets went further west in the Aleutans including Adak and Shemya, often having to build the docks while they worked them.

Don’t think of these guys as “cargo apes” as the work they did was often very technical, for instance, take a look at this balance chart for a liberty ship:

Those guys no doubt earned their day off on Kodiak’s bear-prone beach.

Shipped back to the West Coast post-war, the 8th SNCB was inactivated at Port Hueneme, California on 29 October 1945 and has never been reformed.

Scratch and Dent 4th Hand Coast Guard Cutter up for Grabs

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A port view of the Point class patrol boat USCGC Point Glass (WPB 82336) as it passes the starboard side of the harbor tug USS Arcata (YTB 768), Jan. 1983, likely in the Bremerton, Washington area. U.S. Navy Photo DNSC8506808 by PH3 F. Davidson, NARA 6392124

So this listing popped up for sale for a retired 82-foot USCG Point-class patrol cutter which appears to still be in very good shape:

The ad (for posterity):

Coast Guard cutter . Point glass. 82foot patrol boat. With a 4 foot dive platform which has a total length of 86 feet. Twin catipillar 3412 800hp turbocharged diesel motors. Hours are right over 2000 hours. Cummins twin diesel generators with around 600 hours…. History is from the us coast guard to NOAA. From NOAA to the Sea Scouts to myself. Always maintained. Many upgrades. Diver inspected. New zincs. Bottom, shafts and props are in good condition. Asking $150,000. Engines /trans/ alone worth $200,000. Reasonable offers considered.

USCGC Point Glass (WPB-82336) was built by the USCG Yard in Maryland and commissioned on 29 August 1962. Her Coast Guard service saw her stationed at Tacoma, Washington, from 1962 to 1970; Gig Harbor, Washington, from 1971 to 1989; and at Fort Lauderdale, Florida from 1990 until she decommissioned in 2000 when she was transferred to NOAA for use as a survey ship in the Gulf of Mexico.

Point Glass in her original early 1960s configuration without the racing stripe. Note the wooden punt. 

Point Glass had a key role in fighting the 1963 Tacoma dock fire, as noted by USCG History: July 14, 1963 — Pier 7 at Tacoma, Washington was engulfed in flames. CG-82336 (later designated USCGC Point Glass WPB 82336) based at Tacoma, proceeded immediately to the scene to assist the first department in fighting the blaze. The cutter towed the M/V Sanyo Maru away from the pier and was relieved of the tow by a tug. CG-82336 returned to the pier and towed the M/V Kikulo Maru to a safe anchorage. The Tacoma Fire Department then requested CG-82336 to coordinate firefighting efforts on the bay side of the pier, as the fire department was unable to cover the entire area because of the intensity of the fire. Unable to fight the fire under the pier, CG-82336 proceeded to a local boat mooring and acquired seven rental boats to assist. These boats, manned by local firemen and Coast Guard personnel, fought the fire under the pier. The fire was brought under control the next morning and Coast Guard units were secured. A fire Battalion Chief died and seven firemen were injured, but there were no Coast Guard casualties.

Point Glass in her later 1970s configuration with racing stripe and 81mm mortar/M2 .50 cal piggyback forward mount along with ready boxes. 

S/V Point Glass in her early 2000s NOAA configuration

She used to support the Sea Scouts on the Texas Gulf Coast from at least 2014 until 2020 when COVID basically killed the program.

The Literary Ghost of ATM

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Here we see a great shot of the Wickes-class flush-deck “four stacker” USS Mahan (Destroyer # 102) at anchor during the early 1920s, following conversion to a light minelayer. The round Mine Force emblem is painted on her bow. As noted by the National Museum of the U.S. Navy, “Though redesignated DM-7 in July 1920, she probably continued to wear her destroyer number for some years thereafter.”

U.S. Naval History and Heritage Command Photograph. NH 46924

Named for esteemed Edwardian-era naval theorist Alfred Thayer Mahan, Destroyer # 102 was laid down on 4 May 1918 by the Fore River Shipyard, at Quincy, Mass.; sponsored at launch three months later by the late RADM Mahan’s niece, and commissioned on 24 October 1918– just three weeks before the end of the Great War.

While her service was limited– she was decommissioned and scrapped in 1929 without firing a shot in anger– she went on to become somewhat immortal as a fictional version of Mahan appears, alongside her four-piper sistership USS Walker, in Taylor Anderson’s Destroyermen series of alternate history novels.

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