Category Archives: US Army

Cue up Fortunate Son

I need to forget where my Amex is as I saw this over at Apex:

Yup, 7.62 NATO M60D parts kits complete with spade grips for helicopter/pintel use. Of course, they are pushing $5K, but still, this would be an epic project build.

Keep in mind the 1st AB alone had upwards of some 25,000 guys– average age 20– in Vietnam to run its 4,000 birds. That’s a hell of a brigade!

They saw use with the Marines and Navy as well

Plus, keep in mind that the Sixty Delta remained in use with Army Aviation all through the Cold War and well into the Sandbox, despite the rest of the Army moving to M240 models.

Plus, I already have the C-rat cans.

For reference:

 

And since you came this far…

Curious Hummingbird

France Oct 1944. Official wartime caption: “Flettner helicopter with counter-rotating, intermeshing blades, once landed on the deck of a submarine which was moving at 18 knots.”

Published 5 Sept. 1945 issue of “Air Force” magazine. U.S. Air Force Number B58561AC. NARA 342-FH-3A16591-B58561AC

The Flettner Fl 282 Kolibri (Hummingbird) was an unrealized program of the Kriegsmarine that showed lots of potential.

As detailed by the Smithsonian, which has a collection of wartime engineers’ drawings for the Kolibri on hand:

In 1940, the German Navy made a request for a naval helicopter, and the FL 282 deliveries began in 1942; by the next year, 20 prototypes were in service. The prototypes were built in different variants, one or two-seater, closed or open cockpit, and other modifications. Based on the prototypes’ success, plans to manufacture 1,000 helicopters were approved; however, because the Kolibri was a Navy aircraft, they had little claim on production facilities, and the plans to manufacture them were finally aborted due to the Allied bombing of the Flettner factories. Only three Kolibri survived the war; the rest were destroyed to prevent capture

Smoke Break

Near La Neuveville, France. 25 October, 1944. Official wartime caption: “Infantrymen relieved from combat for rest, await removal to a rest camp.” 314th Infantry Regiment, 79th Infantry Division. Left to right: Pfc. Arthur H. Muth, Allentown, Pa.; Sgt. Carmine H. Sileo, Brooklyn, N.Y., and Sgt. Kelly C. Lasalle, Jeanette, Pa.

Signal Corps Archive. SC 195623-S

Note the mix of M1 Carbine (Muth) and M1 Garands (Sileo and Lasalle) along with camo-netted M1 helmets and E-tools. Also note the NCO (Lasalle) has binos and a map case, as befitting his role.

The men are likely of 1st Bn, 314th, who are noted to have bedded down in after the regiment captured three 88mm guns, three 75mms, five 20mms, four half-tracks, four sedans, a 10.5 cm leFH 18 (Sf.) auf Geschützwagen 39H(f), a C&R, car, and a 1/2 ton truck earlier than day– a fair sampling of the enemy’s ordnance.

As part of Patton’s 3rd Army, the 314th Inf Rgt was the first across the Seine River and helped liberate France, having landed in Normandy at Utah Beach on D+8 with its parent 79th “Cross of Lorraine” Inf Div and helped push the Kriegsmarine out of Cherbourg. Then came the Battle of the Bulge and the push into the Rhineland where they occupied Dortmund on 13 April 1945 before pushing into Czechoslovakia.

You are now entering Germany, courtesy of the 79th Inf. Div

In all, they spent 329 days on the Continent during the war, with 262 of those in combat. They suffered 5,057 casualties in that period (862 killed, 4139 WIA, 59 missing), against an authorized strength of 3,118 officers and men– a casualty rate of 162 percent. In exchange, they accounted for 11,822 enemy POWs and earned two MoHs, 3 DSCs, 282 Silver Stars, and 757 Bronze Stars, among other decorations.

The Regimental History of the 314th in WWII, some 151 pages long, is available online and makes great reading. 

Man Bites Mule

80 years ago this week. 23 October 1944. Ramgarh, India, CBI theater.

“Man Bites Mule. Although it’s only a slight variation on the popular prescription for ‘news,’ it isn’t news when man bites mule, unless you aren’t acquainted with the ways of muleskinners, Sgt. Fred Parker of Ozona, Tex., bites the ear of a mule to take the animal’s mind off branding operations. Lt. Carl W. Shultz, Independence, MO, of the Army Veterinary Corps, wields the branding iron, and Sgt. R. Sterling (right), Crawford, Neb., assists. The mule is one of a group of new arrivals at Ramgarh in the C.B.I.”

U.S. Army Signal Corps photo from the Allison collection, MacArthur Museum of Arkansas Military History.

A reliable four-legged means of cargo transport in out-of-the-way areas used by the Army going back to Washington’s Days, the U.S. Army’s Pack Service was only formally established in 1871 for use during the Indian Wars.

And, while the Army tried to retire the beasts in 1931 in favor of wheel and track, the need for them in WWII saw something of a big comeback.

5307th Composite Unit Provisional (Merrills Marauders) use mules to help pack supplies in the CBI

Army Mules are tied in a long picket line at the docks in Palermo, Sicily, before being loaded on a U.S.T. boat for the invasion of Italy. 20 September 1943. SC 180044

Mules carry supplies for the 3rd Bn., 87th Inf. Regt., 10th Mtn. Div., going up the road towards Tole, Italy. 16 April 1945.

While upwards of 3,000 mules were used in the CBI by the Army, 5,000 in Italy, and another 10,000 in Greece, the final two U.S. Army mule pack units– the 35th QM Pack Coy and the 4th Field Artillery Battalion (Pack)– were deactivated on 15 December 1956 at Fort Carson, Colorado, ending an 85-year run. The 322 remaining mules on hand were sold or transferred to other agencies including the National Park Service and the Forest Service. (The British Army held on to theirs until 1966.)

However, that isn’t the end of the story.

West Point, in a tradition dating back to 1899, keeps a few mules (and Mule Riders) on hand as mascots.

Further, the U.S. Army Special Forces annually send teams to the Marine Corps Mountain Warfare Training Center in California to learn the use of pack animals– just in case.

And some are a little moody.

A National Guard Ranger Bn?

Ray Vawter, a civilian for the Army Research Laboratory and in human intelligence in the Washington, DC Army National Guard, makes the case for an Army NG Ranger battalion to augment the 75th Ranger Regiment’s four active (three operational, one support) battalions.

I mean it makes sense, as there have long been a pair of NG SF Groups, the 19th and the 20th, which date back to the Cuban Missile Crisis and have deployed all over the world– seeing plenty of trigger time– in the past two decades.

Further, a specially formed NG Ranger Company [Co D, 151st (Ranger) Inf, Indiana NG] deployed to Vietnam back in the day. 

Indiana Rangers: The Army Guard in Vietnam. By Mort Kunstler. Company D (Ranger), 151st Infantry, Indiana Army National Guard arrived in Vietnam in December 1968. As part of the II Field Force, the Indiana Rangers were assigned reconnaissance and intelligence-gathering missions. Operating deep in enemy territory, Ranger patrols engaged enemy units while conducting raids, ambushes, and surveillance missions. “Delta Company” achieved an impressive combat record during its tour in Vietnam; unit members were awarded 510 medals for valor and service. 

Two valid points from Vawter’s essay:

The recruitment crisis is arguably the biggest challenge facing the military today. A National Guard Ranger battalion could help address this problem in at least two ways. First, just as there are service-inclined members of the population who thrive in reserve components because their lifestyle isn’t conducive to active duty, there are those whose attributes and interests make them ideal candidates for the specific type of missions Ranger units excel in. A National Guard Ranger battalion would enable the Army to recruit and retain more of this segment of the population—action-oriented individuals who might already be working as SWAT officers or firefighters, but could equally be working in an office or a factory. This diversity is a strength of the entire reserve component and would be a strength of a National Guard Ranger battalion, as well. Offering more options to the public can only benefit recruitment.

Second, this unit could help retain Rangers leaving active duty. Just as SEALs and Special Forces have the option to continue serving in the reserves, Rangers should have the same opportunity. As noted earlier in this article, increasing dwell time would increase retention in the active component. The reserve component Ranger battalion would also encourage Rangers who are leaving active duty to transition to the Army National Guard, which effectively further increases retention for the Army as a total force. The National Guard allows them to continue serving even as they transition to the civilian world. Additionally, it would be an opportunity for the Army to bolster the return on its substantial investment in these elite soldiers.

More here.

Capt. Kristofferson Spins Up for the Last Time

Kris Kristofferson has 18 studio albums, 14 compilation or collaboration albums, and more than 100 acting credits, but before all that, he earned a Ranger tab, Army Avaitor Wings, and Jump Wings.

Coming from a military family– his pop was a USAAF/USAF pilot and his brother a Naval Aviator– Texas-born Kristofferson volunteered for the U.S. Army in 1960 and, commissioned a butter bar, completed helicopter pilot school at Fort Rucker.

Following overseas service in West Germany with the 8th Infantry Division, he wanted to head to Vietnam but instead was set to teach English lit at the USMA– he had a Rhodes Scholarship to Oxford University and earned a master’s degree– but instead resigned his commission in 1965 to pursue his musical career, a move that didn’t sit well with his family.

According to his website:

The Army assigned Kristofferson to teach literature at West Point, a duty that frightened him once he found that he’d have to turn in lesson plans, explaining to superiors exactly what he’d be teaching in class. He said, “It sounded like hell to me.”

Nijmegen Ducks

80 years ago today: American DUKWs transport supplies to waiting British troops and American paratroopers across the River Waal at Nijmegen, Holland, the day after German frogmen of Marine Einsatzkommando (MEK) 65 dropped the East-West bridge’s central span via floating mines, 30 September 1944

Midgley, A. N. (Sergeant), No. 5 Army Film and Photo Section, Army Film and Photographic Unit, IWM B 10435

Same as above, IWM B10434

During the war, the Arsenal of Democracy cranked out over 21,000 of this six-wheel-drive amphibious modification of GMC’s 2+1⁄2-ton CCKW “Jimmy” trucks.

With a 7-ton curb weight, they were capable of 50 mph on paved roads and 6 knots in the water via its stern propeller and could carry 24-ish troops or as much as 5,000 pounds of payload while operated by a single driver.

DUKW Amphibious vehicles in the canals of Venice, Italy, during World War II. c. May, 1945

They remained in service post-war well through Korea while Allies such as France (Indochina), Britain (Malaya/Borneo), and Spain (Africa) would keep them in service into the 1980s.

DUKW of the Spanish Infantería de Marina in a Madrid parade, late 1960s

Lakota Sardines

Fort Novosel (formerly “Mother” Rucker), spanning more than 60,000 acres of rural dark space across Southeastern Alabama about an hour or so from Tallahassee, has over 600 operational helicopters.

Think about that.

That is a figure just about equal to the entire Marine Corps’ inventory (active and reserve, spread from Okinawa to North Carolina), or about three times that of the USAF (likewise, active and reserve, all around the globe). Novosel may be the busiest helicopter base on the planet, even swamping Cambell which has the 101st ABN (280 helos) and the bulk of the Nighstalkers of the 160th SOAR (150 birds).

And that isn’t even counting the 250-odd static aircraft in the U.S. Army Aviation Center of Excellence (museum) which I had the privilege to visit and film at last year.

With so many airframes and Cat 4 Hurricane Helene inbound, threatening 140 mph winds, it was all hands on deck at Novosel the past couple of days stacking the hangars at the complex’s assorted Army Airfields and Heliports like sardines.

From the looks of it, most are UH-72A/B Lakotas (U.S.-built Eurocopter EC145s).

Here’s to hoping everyone makes it through this.

Keep safe, folks.

The Pig Endures! 

25th Infantry Division PFC Milton L. Cook fires his M60 machine gun spraying a tree line, around the Filhol Plantation near Cu Chi, Republic of Vietnam, January 8, 1967.” (Photo: National Archives 111-CCV-345-CC37981)

The U.S. Army Contracting Command in Newark, New Jersey this week awarded an eight-figure contract to a Nevada firm for the venerable M60 machine gun.

The $14,960,325 firm-fixed-price contract awarded to U.S. Ordnance of Sparks, Nevada covers an unspecified quantity of M60E4 and M60E6 machine guns, along with spare parts, accessories, conversion kits, and training.

The “Echo Four” and “Echo Six” variants, better known as the MK43, shouldn’t be confused with the classic M60 and are much modified from the Vietnam-era 7.62 NATO general purpose machine gun made famous in the third act of “Rambo: First Blood.”

The M60E4/M60E6/MK43 is lighter, shorter, and decked out with accessory and optics rails. Further, the gas system is paired to the bottom of the barrel, meaning a quick barrel change can instantly fix most series of failures. (Photo: U.S. Ordnance)

The M60 – based on a redesign of the German MG42 – originally entered service in 1957 to replace the Great War-era M1917 water-cooled machine gun and the air-cooled M1919.

After becoming iconic in Vietnam and the Cold War, the platform was gradually phased out in favor of the FN-made M240, based on that company’s almost universally acclaimed FN MAG 58 platform. Besides small-scale use in special operations units, the M60 endures in a variety of training roles.

Barbarians at the Gate

80 years ago this month. Wartime official caption: “First American Heavy Guns to Fire into Germany, 16 September 1944. Here is a battery of American 155mm. self-propelled guns, mounted on tank chassis as they fired into the village of Bildehen, Germany, which is located six kilometers southwest of Aachen on the Liege-Aachen road. They opened the barrage with 21 rounds of high explosive shells each weighing 100–pounds.”

Note the gunner with the bag of propellant, fresh from its tube, and a system of ramps to stop recoil and help with elevation. Acme Photo by Andrew Lopez for the War Picture Pool, via Allison Collection, City of Little Rock Archives

Ironically, the guns shown above started out life as Great War era towed howitzers with spoked wheels: U.S. Model 1918M1 155mm gun, the famous French GPF (Canon de 155mm Grande Puissance Filloux) a direct copy of the C modèle 1917 Schneider.

Late in 1942, some 100 GPFs that remained in storage were mounted on the turretless chassis of the obsolete M3 Lee tank to form the M12 Gun Motor Carriage as a form of early self-propelled artillery. When teamed up with the companion Cargo Carrier M30 (also a turretless M3), which allowed them to go into the line with 40 rounds of 155mm ready, they proved popular in a niche role.

M12 Gun Motor Carriage 155mm self-propelled gun with the US 987th Field Artillery Battalion near Bayeux Normandy June 10, 1944. IWM – Laing (Sgt) Photographer. IWM B 541

155mm M12 Gun Motor Carriage sniping strongpoints along the German Siegfried Line, late 1944/early 1945. At its core, it is a French 155 from the Great War

These tracked GPFs earned the nicknames “Doorknocker” and “King Kong” in service due to their ability to pierce up to seven feet of reinforced concrete and turn pillboxes into a smokey hole in the ground– a useful thing in Northeastern Europe in 1944.

Like this:

M12 Gun Motor carriage used in direct firing mode against a fortified German position during the Battle of Aachen in October 1944.

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