Category Archives: weapons

I Have Not Yet Begun to Fight

200712-N-MJ716-0498 SAN DIEGO (July 12, 2020) A fire continues to be fought into the evening onboard the amphibious assault ship USS Bonhomme Richard (LHD 6) at Naval Base San Diego, July 12. On the morning of July 12, a fire was called away aboard the ship while it was moored pier side at Naval Base San Diego. Base and shipboard firefighters responded to the fire. Bonhomme Richard is going through a maintenance availability, which began in 2018. (U.S. Navy photo by Mass Communication Specialist 2nd Class Austin Haist/Released)

LHD-6 continues to burn pierside at San Diego, now for 36 hours, with multiple federal, state, and local agencies responding, as well as her crew and those from other ships at the base.

Meanwhile, Oceanhawks from Helicopter Sea Combat Squadron (HSC) 3 are dropping dump buckets as fast as they can.

 

Latest from the Navy: 

UPDATED 9:06 p.m. July 13, 2020: firefighting teams continue operations onboard USS Bonhomme Richard (LHD 6). 59 personnel, 36 U.S. Navy Sailors, and 23 civilians have been treated for minor injuries including heat exhaustion and smoke inhalation. Currently, there are no personnel hospitalized.

Gallery here 

While her rebuild– and the Navy will almost certainly rebuild just to show it can be done, see:  USS Squalus, USS Shaw, USS Forrestal, USS Cole, USS Samuel B. Roberts, USS Stark, USS Fitzgerald, and USS McCain— will probably cost $1 billion or more, at least the Navy will get some priceless after-action damage assessment lessons once the smoke clears. After all, the LHDs are set to be increasingly on the tip of the spear in the Lightning Carrier concept and, in the event they are actually needed, will surely take some hits.

CMP’s Garand Men

The Civilian Marksmanship Program employs about 100 people spread across their operations in Camp Perry, Ohio, the marksmanship complex in Talladega, and the warehouse complex/headquarters in Anniston, with most hard at work at the latter. Ensconced in one warehouse are a dozen dedicated small arms experts, the organization’s armorers who meticulously inspect every firearm to see if it is junk, safe to fire, or somewhere in between.

At workstations filled with gauging tools and parts, the group works through crates filled with “100 serial numbers” and runs the gamut from near-pristine correct grade rifles that would make a collector cry, to a bare and beaten receiver. The armorers then verify it’s unloaded, inspect the trigger group to make sure it’s complete and working, clean the barrel and bore– gauging for both the muzzle and the throat for erosion– check the headspace and the timing, check the bolt and the furniture, the op rod, and the springs.

Guns missing parts are attended to, with an effort to keep the same manufacturer on the same rifle as much as possible– for instance, Springfield on Springfield, Winchester on Winchester, and everything is detailed on a repair and inspection checklist. A second armorer comes behind the first as insurance and the gun is test-fired– twice– with standard 30.06 ammo in a special firing booth. The guns are then up for sale on through the organization, though the numbers of many grades are effectively so low right now that they are out of stock and find their way to racks at the CMP’s two stores or to their online auction site– but more on both of those later.

M1s too far gone or missing too many components are often reworked into new “Special Field Grade” rifles which are completely refurbished and are given a new-production Criterion barrel, new walnut furniture, and a new sling. These guns get a full eight-round clip during their test fire to make sure everything is as it should be.

The CMP also supports the Army’s ceremonial rifle program by servicing rifles for veterans’ groups in need, and some M1s are refurbished for this program which, the Army advised me amounted to some 31,000 rifles on loan to groups including such organizations as the American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars, and Disabled American Veterans. Honor Guard rifles are fundamentally a good use for rebuilt guns.

Then, for receivers and barrels that are just pure trash and can’t be salvaged for any of the above, instead of the scrapper, CMP has been putting these to use as well– as art.

Wyoming’s Jerry Antolik, whose range of covers a wide range of subjects and has done extensive mural and poster work for the CMP in the past has recently crafted two standing “M1 Men” for Talladega and another for the Anniston warehouse.

As noted by the Winter 2019 Garand Collector’s Association Journal (if you love M1s, you need to be a member) CMP Chair Judy Legerski clarified that the parts used were all well past the junk stage.

“Logically, would we waste parts on a sculpture that could be put into rifles and sold? Of course not,” she said. “We sell guns to support our marksmanship, safety, and junior training activities. These are useless parts, scrap.”

A good sub-$300 12+1 capacity 9mm? Just don’t ask who makes it

Over the years, I have had lots of Taurus K-frame revolver clones pass through my hands, and they were decent guns mechanically if not in fit and finish. I even own a Taurus M1911A1 that has proven itself better than some American-made pistolas of the same breed. However, the company hasn’t been able to make a polymer-framed striker-fired gun that excited me, and they have certainly been trying. I’ve shot a few PT-111s and a G2 in the past several years and passed on them all with a shrug. Just not for me.

However, I have been testing one of the company’s new third-gen G3c models, and (puts on flame suit) I may be warming to the idea of carrying one of these.

Weight of the G3c, unloaded, is billed as 22-ounces and we found that the gun, when stuffed with 13 rounds of 147-grain Federal Hydra-Shok JHP bulks up to 27.1-ounces. Height is 5.1-inches over the sights with the standard magazine inserted.

More in my column at Guns.com 

The Glory of the Devils’ TOW-MUTTs

While the U.S. Army started to field the TOW anti-tank system in the Fulda Gap in the late 1960s, the Marines, with their oddball M50 Ontos vehicle that packed a half-dozen M40 106mm recoilless rifles, took the latter to Southeast Asia with them as Charlie didn’t have very many tanks at the time.

However, things soon changed.

The South Vietnamese Marines used jeep-mounted TOW teams to good effect in the bitter end of the war in that country against NVA armor in 1972.

Meanwhile, the Devils were left with a more improv way to get around with their anti-armor support weapons.

Circa 1969,”Rough Going: Leathernecks of the 1st Marine Division’s 1st Marine Regiment find the going rough in ‘Dodge City’ as they attempt to maneuver a ‘mechanical mule’ bearing 106mm recoilless rifle across rugged terrain. The Marines are participating along with the Vietnamese Army elements and Vietnamese rangers and Korean Marines in Operation Pipestone Canyon, in the Dodge City-Go Noi Island area 12 miles south of Da Nang (official USMC photo by Sergeant A. V. Huffman).”

With the Ontos put to pasture in the early 1970s, the Marines eventually went TOW, mounted on the downright ugly (and downright dangerous to its passengers) Ford M151 MUTT, the same combo used by the Army in its “leg” infantry units at the time.

DF-ST-86-07566

Those chocolate chips! “U.S. Marines drive an M-151 Light Utility Vehicle from a Utility Landing Craft (LCU) to shore during the multinational joint service Exercise BRIGHT STAR’85. The vehicle is armed with a BGM71 Tube-Launched, Optically-Tracked, Wire-Guided (TOW) missile launcher,” 8/1/1985 NARA 330-CFD-DF-ST-86-07566

The first TOW “platoons” envisioned by the Marines for attachment to infantry battalions in the late 1970s were actually almost the size of companies, equipped with 37 M151s, 24 launchers, 69 enlisted men and one officer.

Marines of the 3rd Battalion, 6th Regiment, fire a jeep-mounted tube-launched, optically-tracked, wire-guided (TOW) heavy anti-tank weapon during Combined Arms exercises Five and Six. Wires used to guide the TOW missile can be seen extending from the barrel of the weapon, 5/1/1983 NARA 330-CFD-DM-ST-83-09020

Marines of the 3rd Battalion, 6th Regiment, fire a jeep-mounted tube-launched, optically-tracked, wire-guided (TOW) heavy anti-tank weapon during Combined Arms exercises Five and Six. Wires used to guide the TOW missile can be seen extending from the barrel of the weapon, 5/1/1983 NARA 330-CFD-DM-ST-83-09020

A typical six-Marine TOW squad had three M151s, two of which had launchers and the third used as spare missile carrier. The squad packed 16 missiles, two in each of the launcher-vehicles’ racks, six in the racks on the missile carrier, and six on a trailer pulled by the carrier. In a pinch, should one or even two of the vehicles go down, the third could be used to evac the squad’s Marines, provided they were so inclined to hold the hell on and leave a bunch of gear behind.

Still, the ability for a half-dozen Marines in three jeeps to zap as many as a dozen of the bad guy’s armored vehicles from a distance of 3,000m then scoot away led the Corps to pronounce a TOW squad as “the world’s largest distributor of tank parts,” in the early 1980s.

A Marine looks through the sight of a tube-launched, optically-tracked, wire-guided (TOW) missile launcher mounted on an M151 light utility vehicle, 1/1/1988 NARA 330-CFD-DM-SN-88-09381

The Marines kept the TOW-MUTTS in operation though the Reagan years, eventually replacing them with HMMWV-TOWs by 1989. But that is a different story.

A T-55 ‘Enigma’

Hanging out at the Bovington Tank Museum is a much-modded Russian (Soviet)-built T-55 tank that was used at one time by Poland during the Warsaw Pact days as it was upgraded to a T-55K command tank. Shipped to Iraq during Saddam’s-era, it has been converted with the addition of add-on armor up front and ballast blocks on the rear to balance it out.

Reportedly, it could survive Iranian TOW missiles and Milan strikes.

The Far-Reaching UN Forces in Korea and the Things they Carried

With this month being the 70th anniversary of the rush by the Free World to help keep the fledgling Republic of Korea from forced incorporation by its Communist neighbor to the North, it should be pointed out that the UN forces that mustered to liberate Seoul and keep it so carried an interesting array of arms. Gathered ultimately from 21 countries you had a lot of WWII-era repeats such as No. 3 and No. 4 Enfields carried by Commonwealth troops as well as M1 Garands/Carbines toted by American and a host of Uncle Sam-supplied countries.

But there were most assuredly some oddball infantry weapons that were used as well.

One historical curiosity was the initial contingent supplied by the Royal Thai Army, who left for Korea in October 1950 wearing French Adrian-style “sun” helmets and armed with 8x52mm Type 66 Siamese Mausers that were actually versions of the bolt-action Japanese Type 38 Arisaka built before WWII at Japan’s Koishikawa arsenal.

Note their French-style helmets, U.S.-marked M36 packs, and Japanese Showa-period rifles. Ultimately, more than 10,000 Thai troops would serve in the Korean War alongside U.S. forces, fighting notably at the Battle of Pork Chop Hill. (Photo: UN News Archives)

More in my column at Guns.com. 

Sure, you know NVG, but how about ENVG?

Back in the Korean War, the coolest bit of kit was the M3 Carbine, a select-fire M1 with a mounted Snooperscope infrared optic on it. Only about 2,100 were made.

Australian soldier takes aim with his M3 Carbine during the Korean war. Note the extensive infrared spotting system

Fast forward to the 1960s and the first generation of “starlight” scopes, such as the AN/PVS-1 and the quickly followed and better-known AN/PVS-2. Bulky at 6-pounds and with an image intensifier tube that suffered from “bloom out” and graininess, it was better than nothing.

An infantryman armed with an M16A1 rifle and AN/PVS-2 Starlight scope for use at night.

Then came the 2nd and 3rd Gen night vision goggles that have brought us to the current planned AN/PSQ-20 Enhanced Night Vision Goggle (ENVG).

From PEO Soldier:

The AN/PSQ-20 Enhanced Night Vision Goggle (ENVG) provides increased capability by incorporating image intensification (I2) and long-wave infrared sensors into a single helmet-mounted passive device. The ENVG combines the visual detail in low-light conditions that is provided by image intensification with the thermal sensor’s ability to see through fog, dust, rain, sleet, and other battlefield obscurants. This thermal capability, useful during the day as well as in no-light conditions, gives the ENVG a big advantage over night-vision devices equipped with I2 only. The ENVG also allows Soldiers to rapidly detect and engage targets because it permits the use of existing rifle-mounted aiming lights.

Best yet, they only weigh 2-pounds including batteries, which are common AAs.

The Enhanced Night Vision Goggle Binocular ENVG-B

L3 Harris started delivering the ENVG-B (bino) late last year to Fort Riley.

And the 3rd Squadron, 89th Cavalry Regiment, 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 10th Mountain Division, have been conducting field testing of the new goon gear at Fort Polk for the past month.

Taking the tube

The U.S. Navy’s early Plunger-class (SS-2) submarines were small. What we would consider midget submarines today.

Submarine Boat Plunger 1905 L.H. Nelson Company news photo NYPL collection

When Teddy Roosevelt took a trip on Plunger when she called at Oyster Bay (which we will cover in a future Warship Wednesday), he decreed that submariners would get hazard pay– a legacy that remains today.

Just 64-feet long they did not even have on-board accommodation for their six-man crew, requiring the Navy to develop the practice of having submarine tenders primarily to provide barracks space for the boat’s crew, a task that old monitors, with their freeboard low to the surface, proved a life-extension for.

When the Navy wanted to ship submarines to the Philipines after 1898, it was the Plunger-class that was tapped for the job, strapped as deck cargo to the collier USS Caesar for the trip.

So small, apparently some were simply chucked over the side when they arrived in the PI.

This 1909 LA Herald article says “English” submarine, but I can only find that, in 1908 and 1909, Ceasar moved Plunger class boats to the Far East, while the Brits did not.

Too small for a deck gun, their armament was only a single 18-inch torpedo tube in the bow.

Plunger sisters USS Porpoise and Shark. Two submarines in drydock with crews posed on bows, 1905. Note the bluejacket in the single bow tube

As noted by the Submarine Force Library and Museum Association, one early Plunger-class skipper, Ensign Kenneth Whiting (USNA 1905), utilized his boat, USS Porpoise, in what could be the first U.S. Navy submerged escape trunk-test– sans escape trunk.

Relinquishing control of PORPOISE to his crew, Whiting opened the inner door of the tube and squeezed himself inside; he reached forward and held onto the crossbar that braced the outer door. The crew closed the inner door behind him and then opened the outer, sending water rushing into the tube. His hold on the crossbar drew Whiting forward until his forearms up to his elbows were outside the tube. Once the pressure equalized, which happened quickly given the small size of the tube, he was able to shimmy the rest of the way out and pop to the surface, where the boat met him moments later.

The entire evolution took just 77 seconds.

In the log, he described the event thusly: “Whiting went through the torpedo tube, boat lying in [the] water in [a] normal condition, as an experiment….”

He passed the word of the escape along to his flotilla commander, but sought no further recognition for the accomplishment—he was apparently happy simply to prove that it could be done.

While Porpoise and the rest of her class would soon disappear from the Navy List, the daring young Whiting would go on to become a  distinguished Naval Aviator commanding Langley and Saratoga, and various air squadrons prior to his retirement as Captain 30 June 1940.

That sweet .223 AK, 1989 edition

While today the .223/5.56 NATO-caliber AK is a staple product on the U.S. commercial market– and indeed, companies like Kalashnikov in Russia are making them for export elsewhere– back in the 1980s, they were downright unheard of, only floating around in a few high-dollar Valmet M71/S and Hunter models.

Then, China Sports, Inc.– located in Ontario, California of all places– introduced a couple of new Norincos to the market in late 1988, notably chambered in calibers other than the traditional AK 7.62x39mm. This included the 5.45x39mm Type 88 and the Type 84S AKS in .223 Remington.

This. You could pick these up, new in the box with two mags, a bayonet, and accessories, for $275 in 1989.

The thing is, they were only imported for one year.

More in my column at Guns.com.

Going the Distance with FN’s New Baby

The original pocket Browning (FN) was a slim, six-shot .25ACP blowback-operated handgun that weighed about 13-ounces and used a rear grip safety much like the one later seen on his M1911. This early Browning grew into the Colt 1908 Vest Pocket and a slightly modified variant was sold by FN in Belgium as the Model 1905 for decades.

That’s where Belgian small arms guru Dieudonné Saive (who later finished the Browning Hi-Power and designed the FN-49 and FAL) came in.

Working with the original Model 1905 as a baseline, Saive dropped the grip safety in favor of a manual thumb-operated safety lock that doubled as a hold-open. Lighter, weighing just over 9-ounces while still being an all-steel pistol, the gun was sold from 1931 onward as the Baby Browning.

The Browning Baby was a half-inch shorter than the FN M1905 or Colt Vest Pocket and 4-ounces lighter, while still being a 6+1 shot .25ACP. (Photo: Richard Taylor/Guns.com)

Out of production since 1983, FN has since moved on to polymer-framed double-stack 9mm pistols that were a good bit larger. However, their new FN 503, the company’s smallest and slimmest gun since the Baby line ended, came out in March and I have been burning one up as of late.

The new FN 503 pistol is a 6+1 9mm that has a 3.1-inch barrel with recessed target crown which contributes to a 5.9-inch overall length. Some 4.6-inches high, the gun is slim– with a width of 1.1-inches overall.

A big baby, but a more mighty one for sure.

More in my column at Guns.com. 

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